Diabetes

WHAT IS DIABETES?

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or alternatively, when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

• Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent or childhood-onset) is characterized by a lack of insulin production. Without daily administration of insulin, Type 1 diabetes is rapidly fatal.

• Symptoms include excessive excretion of urine (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes and fatigue. These symptoms may occur suddenly.

• Type 2 diabetes (formerly called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset) results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin. Type 2 diabetes comprises 90% of people with diabetes around the world, and is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity.

• Symptoms may be similar to those of Type 1 diabetes, but are often less marked. As a result, the disease may be diagnosed several years after onset, once complications have already arisen.

• Until recently, this type of diabetes was seen only in adults but it is now also occurring in obese children.
• Gestational diabetes is hyperglycaemia which is first recognized during pregnancy.

• Symptoms of gestational diabetes are similar to Type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes is most often diagnosed through prenatal screening, rather than reported symptoms.

Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) and Impaired Fasting Glycaemia (IFG) are intermediate conditions in the transition between normality and diabetes. People with IGT or IFG are at high risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, although this is not inevitable.

DIABETES FACTS

• The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 180 million people worldwide have diabetes. This number is likely to more than double by 2030.
• In 2005, an estimated 1.1 million people died from diabetes.1
• Almost 80% of diabetes deaths occur in low and middle-income countries.
• Almost half of diabetes deaths occur in people under the age of 70 years; 55% of diabetes deaths are in women.
• WHO projects that diabetes deaths will increase by more than 50% in the next 10 years without urgent action. Most notably, diabetes deaths are projected to increase by over 80% in upper-middle income countries between 2006 and 2015.


WHAT ARE COMMON CONSEQUENCES OF DIABETES?

Over time, diabetes can damage the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves.
• Diabetic retinopathy is an important cause of blindness, and occurs as a result of long-term accumulated damage to the small blood vessels in the retina. After 15 years of diabetes, approximately 2% of people become blind, and about 10% develop severe visual impairment.
• Diabetic neuropathy is damage to the nerves as a result of diabetes, and affects up to 50% of people with diabetes. Although many different problems can occur as a result of diabetic neuropathy, common symptoms are tingling, pain, numbness, or weakness in the feet and hands.
• Combined with reduced blood flow, neuropathy in the feet increases the chance of foot ulcers and eventual limb amputation.
• Diabetes is among the leading causes of kidney failure. 10-20% of people with diabetes die of kidney failure.
• Diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. 50% of people with diabetes die of cardiovascular disease (primarily heart disease and stroke).
• The overall risk of dying among people with diabetes is at least double the risk of their peers without diabetes.


WHAT IS THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF DIABETES?

Diabetes and its complications impose significant economic consequences on individuals, families, health systems and countries.
WHO estimates that over the next 10 years (2006-2015), China will lose $ 558 billion in foregone national income due to heart disease, stroke and diabetes alone.

HOW CAN THE BURDEN OF DIABETES BE REDUCED?

Without urgent action, diabetes-related deaths will increase by more than 50% in the next 10 years.

To help prevent type 2 diabetes and its complications, people should:
• Achieve and maintain healthy body weight.
• Be physically active - at least 30 minutes of regular, moderate-intensity activity on most days. More activity is required for weight control.

Early diagnosis can be accomplished through relatively inexpensive blood testing.
Treatment of diabetes involves lowering blood glucose and the levels of other known risk factors that damage to blood vessels. Tobacco cessation is also important to avoid complications.

Interventions that are both cost saving and feasible in developing countries include:
• Moderate blood glucose control. People with type 1 diabetes require insulin; people with type 2 diabetes can be treated with oral medication, but may also require insulin;
• Blood pressure control;
• Foot care.
Other cost saving interventions include:
• Screening for retinopathy (which causes blindness);
• Blood lipid control (to regulate cholesterol levels);
• Screening for early signs of diabetes-related kidney disease.

These measures should be supported by a healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use.


WHO ACTIVITIES TO PREVENT AND CONTROL DIABETES

WHO aims to stimulate and support the adoption of effective measures for the surveillance, prevention and control of diabetes and its complications, particularly in low and middle-income countries.
To this end, WHO:
• Provides scientific guidelines for diabetes prevention;
• Develops norms and standards for diabetes care;
• Builds awareness on the global epidemic of diabetes; including partnership with the International Diabetes Federation in the celebration of World Diabetes Day (14 November);
• Conducts surveillance of diabetes and its risk factors.

The WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health complements WHO's diabetes work by focusing on population-wide approaches to promote healthy diet and regular physical activity, thereby reducing the growing global problem of overweight and obesity. The Strategy calls upon all stakeholders to take action at the global, regional and local levels and aims to lead to a significant reduction in the prevalence of diabetes and other chronic diseases.

WHO's work on diabetes is integrated into the overall WHO chronic disease prevention and control framework of the Department of Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion. The strategic objectives of the Department are to raise awareness about the global epidemic of chronic diseases; create healthy environments, especially for poor and disadvantaged populations; slow and reverse trends in common chronic disease risk factors such as unhealthy diet and physical inactivity; and prevent premature deaths and avoidable disability due to major chronic diseases.

Source: http://www.who.int/en/

engaged

dia dh tunang...pity me..

KLBook Fair 2009@PWTC

My very 1st cheongsam

today, i've bought a cheongsam.woo!!didn't expected to wear this kind of outfit..walaupon aku ni mix parentage tp xterlintas laxx..member2 aku la dok racun..bg idea..aku pon maleh nk pikir,aku pon beli la..kaler itam..beli ni pon purposely for TM Nite is on 11-Apr-09.Even I'm former employee TM tp member2 aku menjemput aku bab ada tiket lebih..just to njoy myself aku nk attend la..lgpon aku xpenah la p dinner company besaq2 ni..hehe..can't wait for that nite..

my wishlist

1) Go Umrah with my parents
2) DLSR (either Nikon or Canon)
3) Swatch
4) My own laptop
5)
6)

Goin to the South

hmm..i'm goin to the south..cm besa..with my new job ni aku kena outstation la tp xla kerap sgt..klau ada site survey aku turun la tgk kawasan taklukan aku tu..hehhe..memang best bab leh jln n mkn2..tp yg xbestnya....marka xdak la..smua dh kawen..buhsan siott (ek leh kau ada pon mcmla aku nk ngoratkn..hehe)..dh lama aku xbt site survey cmna la nnti..

confuse part2

my gaban has a girlfren..congratss..finally..

confuse

for the 1st time after a year..i saw my gaban ol dia nya ym..but i'm so upset that he didn't buzz me pon..gonna cry.. :(

F.A.L.L.E.N F.O.R Y.O.U

Fallen for you
Did you ever see me,
Watching from periphery?
I was playing another game
I hoped you catch on all the same
Fallen from view
Did you ever touch me
Floating through your potpourri?
I thought I felt your fingers once
After waiting all these months
But I was wrong, so wrong
That was just another song you wrote, for another girl
And I hoped a day could be
When you'd write a song for me
But it never came
I thank you all the same
But I'll go now, so you won't know how much I've
Fallen for you
Boy who's trying to be a man
Boy, you don't know if he can
I thought I knew you well enough
But your walls are still too tough
But I was wrong, so wrong
That was just another song you wrote, for another girl
And I hoped the day could be
When you'd write a song for me
But it never came
I thank you all the same
But I'll go now, so you won't know how much I
Thought about you all the time
Walking round, the Guggenheim
Like a rhyme, in my mind
There you are, in my car
But we don't drive very far
To the beach, out of reach
Next to me... my fantasy
Falling for you
Did you ever see me
Watching from periphery?
I was playing another game
I hoped you catch on all the same

p/s: alfie..this is for u..

New Hobby v1

p/s: keciwi nk main squash plak dh budak sorg ni..dan ni kasot kedua yg dibeli utk bulan ni..same as last month..fulus dh xdak..asyik beli kasot jaa..

my polkadot shoe

THE HANS

EPIE NEW YEAR

hapie new year everybodi!!hope more wonderful and colourful year to come..no more resolution for this year. but it is OK...last year resolution pon ada yg dh tercapai n ada yg blom lg..nk carry forward la last year nya resolution ke thn ni.bole ka cmtu??cm cuti tahunan laxx..heheh..geelloonggnya budak ni...

A.R.I.A.N.A

**new born baby in Ibrahim's family..also a girl..no boy meh?Naim still maintain his kelakian in this family..hahha...

Aku tak mau sendiri

Sejak ia pergi dari hidupku
Kumerasa sepi
Kau tinggalkan ku sendiri disini
Tanpa satu yang pasti
Aku tak tahu harus bagaimana
Aku merasa tiada berkawan
Selain dirimu
Selain cintamu
Kirim aku malaikatmu
Biar jadi kawan hidupku
Dan tunjukkan jalan yang memang
Kau berikan untukku
Kirim aku malaikatmu
Karena ku sepi berada disini
Dan didunia ini aku tak mau sendiri
Tanpa terasa kuteteskan air mata
Yang tiada berhenti mengiringi
Kisah dihati
Aku tak tahu harus bagaimana
Aku merasa tiada berkawan
Selain dirimu
Selain cintamu
Dan didunia ini aku tak mau sendiri

p/s:mmg aku tak mau sendiri..wawawa...

learn about car-1st lesson

hari ni aku p repair keta aku yg amat aku sayangi.namanya WIRA. :D dia la yg membawa aku pergi dan blk keja dan juga bwk aku berjalan kat KL ni.
Pada suatu hari, ada kerosakan pada sendi dia iaitu absober (dlm bahasa teknikalnya la).sendi tu asyik bunyi ngokngekngokngek..annoying btoi la bunyi tu.demi kasehku padanya aku pon menggantikan sendinya itu kepada sendi yg baru. Skang ni dh xbunyi dh ngokngekngokngek tu.aku sgt gumbira walaupon terketaq-ketaq aku membayarnya..amiinn..akhirnya keta ku itu kembali sehat dan ceria dan lebih ceria dari seblom ni..

tired

terasa kepenatan yg teramat sgt...

PETROSAINS

For the first time, aku dpt menjejak kakiku kat petrosains..with my new fren,M.ehehe..my first date tuu..hehhe..xmenarik kan..actually aku yg ajak dia ke situ bab aku xpenah lg p petrosains.maklumla aku kan kanak2 gak.hehe..kind of new experience..byk gak yg aku tau bab sains n technology..also our nature..n the process of petroleum n bout astronomy.aku rasai betapa bertuahnya budak2 zaman skang ni bab ada smua benda alah ni..yg paling best nya bila aku naik helikopter simulator..actually aku ni xleh naik benda2 yg bergoyang cm kapal terbang,bot..i will throw out..nasib baik aku tahan time tu..klau x aku mesti akan throw out kat M.hehhe..baru pdn muka dia..we spent bout 3 hours dlm tuu..it is worth for the money la..xsia2 klau bwk anak2 ke situ..I recommend sesapa yg nk bwk anak2 jenjln,bwkla ke situ..bwk benda they can discover..

??

susahnya hati ku ini..semakin..susah hati..byk lg impian aku tak tercapai lg..antra impian dan cita-cita..smua aku nk kecapi..aku msaih lg di awang-awangan..apa yg harus dilakukan?aku harus bgn dr berangan-rangan..aku masih lg rindukan parents aku..dan skang ni aku masih lg menanti jawapan...adakah aku akan diterima?Ia adalah impian dan juga cita-citaku..this week will be tougher than before...

Tapi Bukan AKu

Jangan lagi kau sesali keputusanku,
Ku tak ingin kau semakin kan terluka
Tak ingin ku paksakan cinta ini,
Meski tiada sanggup untuk kau terima
Aku memang manusia paling berdosa,
Khianati rasa demi keinginan semu
Lebih baik jangan mencintai aku dan semua hatiku
Karena tak kan pernah kan kau temui, cinta sejati
Berakhirlah sudah semua kisah ini,
Dan jangan kau tangisi lagi
Sekalipun aku tak kan pernah mencoba kembali padamu
Sejuta kata maaf terasa kan percuma,
S’bab rasa ku t’lah mati untuk menyadarinya
S’moga saja kan kau dapati
Hati yang tulus mencintaimu, tapi bukan aku